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  Section 5: Third mission in Galilee: the Lake Sermon (Jun 28 - Sep 28)
Jesus begins a new missionary tour through Galilee. In Naim he raises the widow's son (Jun 28).
John the Baptist sends two disciples to ask Jesus; he then gives testimony about the Baptist. Dining in Capernaum (or Magdala) the forgiven sinful woman anoints his feet ("The one to whom little is forgiven, loves little"). There are many women that follow Jesus ; in face of the concern of his relatives, he teaches who are the true relatives of Christ (Ago 28).
Beside the sea of Galilee, he preaches to a multitude a series of Parables about the Kingdom, The sermon of the lake" (Sep 28), that begins with the parable of the sower. After answering why he speaks only in parables and explaining the meaning of the parable of the sower , he continues with several parables about the growth of the Kingdom: The lamp on the lampstand, the parable of the seed that grows alone, the parable of the wheat and the weed, the parable of the mustard seed and the parable of the yeast. He explains the parable of the weed and concludes with the parables of the treasure and the pearl, and the net and the good and bad fishes.
 

 Resurrection of the widow's son


    7:11  It happened soon afterwards, that he went to a city called Nain. Many of his disciples, along with a great multitude, went with him.
7:12  Now when he drew near to the gate of the city, behold, one who was dead was carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow. Many people of the city were with her.
7:13  When the Lord saw her, he had compassion on her, and said to her, "Don't cry."
7:14  He came near and touched the coffin, and the bearers stood still. He said, "Young man, I tell you, arise!"
7:15  He who was dead sat up, and began to speak. And he gave him to his mother.
7:16  Fear took hold of all, and they glorified God, saying, "A great prophet has arisen among us!" and, "God has visited his people!"
7:17  This report went out concerning him in the whole of Judea, and in all the surrounding region.
 
 John sends two disciples to ask Jesus


11:2  Now when John heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent two of his disciples
11:3  and said to him, "Are you he who comes, or should we look for another?"
11:4  Jesus answered them, "Go and tell John the things which you hear and see:
11:5  the blind receive their sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have good news preached to them.
11:6  Blessed is he who finds no occasion for stumbling in me."
  7:18  The disciples of John told him about all these things.
7:19  John, calling to himself two of his disciples, sent them to Jesus, saying, "Are you the one who is coming, or should we look for another?"
7:20  When the men had come to him, they said, "John the Baptizer has sent us to you, saying, 'Are you he who comes, or should we look for another?'"
7:21  In that hour he cured many of diseases and plagues and evil spirits; and to many who were blind he gave sight.
7:22  Jesus answered them, "Go and tell John the things which you have seen and heard: that the blind receive their sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have good news preached to them.
7:23  Blessed is he who is not offended by me."
 
 Jesus gives testimony about the Baptist

11:7  As these went their way, Jesus began to say to the multitudes concerning John, "What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
11:8  But what did you go out to see? A man in soft clothing? Behold, those who wear soft clothing are in king's houses.
11:9  But why did you go out? To see a prophet? Yes, I tell you, and much more than a prophet.
11:10  For this is he, of whom it is written, 'Behold, I send my messenger before your face, who will prepare your way before you.'
11:11  Most assuredly I tell you, among those who are born of women there has not arisen anyone greater than John the Baptizer; yet he who is least in the Kingdom of Heaven is greater than he.
11:12  From the days of John the Baptizer until now, the Kingdom of Heaven suffers violence, and the violent take it by force.
11:13  For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John.
11:14  If you are willing to receive it, this is Elijah, who is to come.
11:15  He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
  7:24  When John's messengers had departed, he began to tell the multitudes about John, "What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
7:25  But what did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft clothing? Behold, those who are gorgeously dressed, and live delicately, are in kings' courts.
7:26  But what did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I tell you, and much more than a prophet.
7:27  This is he of whom it is written, 'Behold, I send my messenger before your face, Who will prepare your way before you.'
7:28  "For I tell you, among those who are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptizer, yet he who is least in the Kingdom of God is greater than he."
7:29  When all the people and the tax collectors heard this, they declared God to be just, having been baptized with John's baptism.
7:30  But the Pharisees and the lawyers rejected the counsel of God, not being baptized by him themselves.
 
 The recalcitrant men: "We played the flute for you, and you did not dance..."


11:16  "But to what shall I compare this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces, who call to their companions
11:17  and say, 'We played the flute for you, and you didn't dance. We mourned for you, and you didn't lament.'
11:18  For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, 'He has a demon.'
11:19  The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, 'Behold, a gluttonous man and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!' But wisdom is justified by her children."
  7:31  But the Lord said, "To what then will I liken the people of this generation? What are they like?
7:32  They are like children who sit in the marketplace, and call one to another, saying, 'We piped to you, and you didn't dance. We mourned, and you didn't weep.'
7:33  For John the Baptizer came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and you say, 'He has a demon.'
7:34  The Son of Man has come eating and drinking, and you say, 'Behold, a gluttonous man, and a drunkard; a friend of tax collectors and sinners!'
7:35  Wisdom is justified by all her children."
 
 The forgiven sinful woman anoints his feet: "The one to whom little is forgiven, loves little"


    7:36  One of the Pharisees invited him to eat with him. He entered into the Pharisee's house, and sat at the table.
7:37  Behold, a woman in the city who was a sinner, when she knew that he was reclining in the Pharisee's house, she brought an alabaster jar of ointment.
7:38  Standing behind at his feet weeping, she began to wet his feet with her tears, and she wiped them with the hair of her head, kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment.
7:39  Now when the Pharisee who had invited him saw it, he said to himself, "This man, if he were a prophet, would have perceived who and what kind of woman this is who touches him, that she is a sinner."
7:40  Jesus answered him, "Simon, I have something to tell you." He said, "Teacher, say on."
7:41  "A certain lender had two debtors. The one owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty.
7:42  When they couldn't pay, he forgave them both. Which of them therefore will love him most?"
7:43  Simon answered, "He, I suppose, to whom he forgave the most." He said to him, "You have judged correctly."
7:44  Turning to the woman, he said to Simon, "Do you see this woman? I entered into your house, and you gave me no water for my feet, but she has wet my feet with her tears, and wiped them with the hair of her head.
7:45  You gave me no kiss, but she, since the time I came in, has not ceased to kiss my feet.
7:46  You didn't anoint my head with oil, but she has anointed my feet with ointment.
7:47  Therefore I tell you, her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much. But to whom little is forgiven, the same loves little."
7:48  He said to her, "Your sins are forgiven."
7:49  Those who sat at the table with him began to say to themselves, "Who is this who even forgives sins?"
7:50  He said to the woman, "Your faith has saved you. Go in peace."
 
 The women that follow Jesus


    8:1  It happened soon afterwards, that he went about through cities and villages, preaching and bringing the good news of the Kingdom of God. With him were the twelve,
8:2  and certain women who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary who was called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out;
8:3  and Joanna, the wife of Chuzas, Herod's steward; Susanna; and many others; who ministered to them from their possessions.
 
 Who are the true relatives of Christ


12:46  While he was yet speaking to the multitudes, behold, his mother and his brothers stood outside, seeking to speak to him.
12:47  One said to him, "Behold, your mother and your brothers stand outside, seeking to speak to you."
12:48  But he answered him who spoke to him, "Who is my mother? Who are my brothers?"
12:49  He stretched out his hand towards his disciples, and said, "Behold, my mother and my brothers!
12:50  For whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother, and sister, and mother."
3:20  The multitude came together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread.
3:21  When his friends heard it, they went out to seize him: for they said, "He is insane."
3:31  His mother and his brothers came, and standing outside, they sent to him, calling him.
3:32  A multitude was sitting around him, and they told him, "Behold, your mother, your brothers, and your sisters are outside looking for you."
3:33  He answered them, "Who are my mother and my brothers?"
3:34  Looking around at those who sat around him, he said, "Behold, my mother and my brothers!
3:35  For whoever does the will of God, the same is my brother, and my sister, and mother."
8:19  His mother and brothers came to him, and they could not come near him for the crowd.
8:20  It was told him by some saying, "Your mother and your brothers stand outside, desiring to see you."
8:21  But he answered them, "My mother and my brothers are these who hear the word of God, and do it."
 
 The Lake Sermon: Parables about the Kingdom
 Parable of the sower


13:1  On that day Jesus went out of the house, and sat by the seaside.
13:2  Great multitudes gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat, and sat, and all the multitude stood on the beach.
13:3  He spoke to them many things in parables, saying, "Behold, a farmer went out to sow.
13:4  As he sowed, some seeds fell by the roadside, and the birds came and devoured them.
13:5  Others fell on rocky ground, where they didn't have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of earth.
13:6  When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away.
13:7  Others fell among thorns. The thorns grew up and choked them:
13:8  and others fell on good soil, and yielded fruit: some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.
13:9  He who has ears to hear, let him hear."
4:1  Again he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea, and sat down. All the multitude were on the land by the sea.
4:2  He taught them many things in parables, and told them in his teaching,
4:3  "Listen! Behold, the farmer went out to sow,
4:4  and it happened, as he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.
4:5  Others fell on the rocky ground, where it had little soil, and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of soil.
4:6  When the sun had risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.
4:7  Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
4:8  Others fell into the good ground, and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some brought forth thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times as much."
4:9  He said, "Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear."
8:4  When a great multitude came together, and people from every city were coming to him, he spoke by a parable.
8:5  "The farmer went out to sow his seed. As he sowed, some fell along the road, and it was trampled under foot, and the birds of the sky devoured it.
8:6  Other seed fell on the rock, and as soon as it grew, it withered away, because it had no moisture.
8:7  Other fell amid the thorns, and the thorns grew with it, and choked it.
8:8  Other fell into the good ground, and grew, and brought forth fruit one hundred times." As he said these things, he called out, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear!"
 
 Why do you speak in parables?

13:10  The disciples came, and said to him, "Why do you speak to them in parables?"
13:11  He answered them, "To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, but it is not given to them.
13:12  For whoever has, to him will be given, and he will have abundance, but whoever doesn't have, from him will be taken away even that which he has.
13:13  Therefore I speak to them in parables, because seeing they don't see, and hearing, they don't hear, neither do they understand.
13:14  In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, which says, 'By hearing you will hear, And will in no way understand; Seeing you will see, And will in no way perceive:
13:15  For this people's heart has grown callous, Their ears are dull of hearing, They have closed their eyes; Or else perhaps they might perceive with their eyes, Hear with their ears, Understand with their heart, And should turn again; And I would heal them.'
4:10  When he was alone, those who were around him with the twelve asked him about the parables.
4:11  He said to them, "To you is given the mystery of the Kingdom of God, but to those who are outside, all things are done in parables,
4:12  that 'seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest perhaps they should turn again, and their sins should be forgiven them.'"
8:9  Then his disciples asked him, "What does this parable mean?"
8:10  He said, "To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of God, but to the rest in parables; that 'seeing they may not see, and hearing they may not understand.'
 
 The meaning of the parable of the sower

13:18  "Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.
13:19  When anyone hears the word of the kingdom, and doesn't understand it, the evil one comes, and snatches away that which has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown by the roadside.
13:20  What was sown on the rocky places, this is he who hears the word, and immediately with joy receives it;
13:21  yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles.
13:22  What was sown among the thorns, this is he who hears the word, but the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.
13:23  What was sown on the good ground, this is he who hears the word, and understands it, who most assuredly bears fruit, and brings forth, some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty."
4:13  He said to them, "Don't you understand this parable? How will you understand all of the parables?
4:14  The farmer sows the word.
4:15  These are the ones by the road, where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes, and takes away the word which has been sown in them.
4:16  These in like manner are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with joy.
4:17  They have no root in themselves, but are short-lived. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately they stumble.
4:18  Others are those who are sown among the thorns. These are those who have heard the word,
4:19  and the cares of this age, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.
4:20  These are those which were sown on the good ground: such as hear the word, and accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some sixty times, and some one hundred times."
8:11  Now the parable is this: The seed is the word of God.
8:12  Those along the road are those who hear, then the devil comes, and takes away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved.
8:13  Those on the rock are they who, when they hear, receive the word with joy; but these have no root, who believe for a while, then fall away in time of temptation.
8:14  That which fell among the thorns, these are those who have heard, and as they go on their way they are choked with cares, riches, and pleasures of life, and bring no fruit to maturity.
8:15  That in the good ground, these are such as in an honest and good heart, having heard the word, hold it tightly, and bring forth fruit with patience.
 
 The lamp on the lampstand

  4:21  He said to them, "Is the lamp brought to be put under a basket or under a bed? Isn't it put on a lampstand?
4:22  For there is nothing hidden, except that it should be made known; neither was anything made secret, but that it should come to light.
4:23  If any man has ears to hear, let him hear."
4:24  He said to them, "Take heed what you hear. With whatever measure you measure, it will be measured to you, and more will be given to you who hear.
4:25  For whoever has, to him will more be given, and he who doesn't have, from him will be taken away even that which he has."
8:16  "No one, when he has lit a lamp, covers it with a container, or puts it under a bed; but puts it on a stand, that those who enter in may see the light.
8:17  For nothing is hidden, that will not be revealed; nor anything secret, that will not be known and come to light.
8:18  Be careful therefore how you hear. For whoever has, to him will be given; and whoever doesn't have, from him will be taken away even that which he thinks he has."
 
 Parable of the seed that grows alone

  4:26  He said, "The Kingdom of God is as if a man should cast seed on the earth,
4:27  and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, he doesn't know how.
4:28  For the earth bears fruit: first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear.
4:29  But when the fruit is ripe, immediately he puts forth the sickle, because the harvest has come."
   
 Parable of the wheat and the weed

13:24  He set another parable before them, saying, "The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,
13:25  but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel also among the wheat, and went away.
13:26  But when the blade sprang up and brought forth fruit, then the darnel appeared also.
13:27  The servants of the householder came and said to him, 'Sir, didn't you sow good seed in your field? Where did this darnel come from?'
13:28  "He said to them, 'An enemy has done this.' "The servants asked him, 'Do you want us to go and gather them up?'
13:29  "But he said, 'No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel, you root up the wheat with them.
13:30  Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, "First, gather up the darnel, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn."'"
     
 Parable of the mustard seed

13:31  He set another parable before them, saying, "The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field;
13:32  which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs, and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches."
4:30  He said, "How will we liken the Kingdom of God? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?
4:31  It's like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on the earth,
4:32  yet when it is sown, grows up, and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of the sky can lodge under its shadow."
13:18  He said, "What is the Kingdom of God like? To what shall I compare it?
13:19  It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and put in his own garden. It grew, and became a large tree, and the birds of the sky lodged in its branches."
 
 Parable of the yeast

13:33  He spoke another parable to them. "The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, until it was all leavened."
  13:20  Again he said, "To what shall I compare the Kingdom of God?
13:21  It is like yeast, which a woman took and hid in three measures of flour, until it was all leavened."
 
 Explanation of the parable of the weed

13:36  Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, "Explain to us the parable of the darnel of the field."
13:37  He answered them, "He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,
13:38  the field is the world; and the good seed, these are the children of the kingdom; and the darnel are the children of the evil one.
13:39  The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.
13:40  As therefore the darnel is gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.
13:41  The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all things that cause stumbling, and those who do iniquity,
13:42  and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and the gnashing of teeth.
13:43  Then the righteous will shine forth like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
     
 Parables of the treasure and the pearl

13:44  "Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a treasure hidden in the field, which a man found, and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has, and buys that field.
13:45  "Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a merchant seeking fine pearls,
13:46  who having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had, and bought it.
     
 Parable of the net and the good and bad fishes

13:47  "Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a dragnet, that was cast into the sea, and gathered some fish of every kind,
13:48  which, when it was filled, they drew up on the beach. They sat down, and gathered the good into containers, but the bad they threw away.
13:49  So will it be in the end of the world. The angels will come forth, and separate the wicked from among the righteous,
13:50  and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth."
     
 Conclusion of the parables. Ending of the Lake Sermon


13:34  Jesus spoke all these things in parables to the multitudes; and without a parable, he didn't speak to them,
13:35  that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, "I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden from the foundation of the world."
13:51  Jesus said to them, "Have you understood all these things?" They answered him, "Yes, Lord."
13:52  He said to them, "Therefore, every scribe who has been made a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a householder, who brings out of his treasure new and old things."
4:33  With many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.
4:34  Without a parable he didn't speak to them; but privately to his own disciples he explained all things.
   

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  Hernán J. González
http://hjg.com.ar
Buenos Aires, Argentina - March 2001
Last revision: 08/09/2001